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Ninniler - Dünyalılar
Ninnilerin insanlığın tarihi kadar eski olduğu iddia edilmekte.
Ninniler en evrensel ve antik insan sanat formunun başında geldiğini düşürürsek, bu iddia o kadar da yanlış değil. Ninniler dünyamızın her köşesinde, her kültürde, her dinde ve dilde söylenmekte; aslında bir yönden bakıldığında insan olarak asla başaramadığımız ortak noktanın müziksel izdüşümü. Bu melodik yapıların geçmişi ise insanlığı ilk anlarına kadar uzanmakta, insan kadar eski, organik ve hala var olmakta. Mağara insanlarının ninni söylediği bilinmekte, varın artık siz düşünün…
Ancak ninnilerde yer alan müzik öyle tahmin edildiği kadar da sade ve kolay algılanabilir değil. Adeta kulakları çok rahat yanıltabilen müzikler olarak değerlendirebiliriz ninnileri. Onların rahatlatıcı melodileri, çocuk dostu sözleri ve zamansız yapıları, doğal bir masumiyet yaratsa bile aslında durum tam tersi. Ninniler göründüğü kadar masum değil. İngilizcede karşımıza çıkan lullaby kelimesinin tarihlendirildiği dönem bile oldukça eski. Bazı uzmanlar on birinci yüz yılda bu tür melodilerin Osmanlı kaynaklarında balabalu olarak yazısal ifade edildiğini söylemekte. Ancak çoğunluk bu ifadenin daha da eskilere dayandığını iddia ediyor. Eski İbranicede yer alan Lilith-Abi kelimesinden lullaby’ın türediğini söyleyenlerinde sayısı az değil. Bu dayandırmanın ana nedeni; antik efsaneye göre Lilith adlı bir dişi iblisin geceleri çocukları yataklarından kaçırdığına inanılmakta. Buna karşılık halk, çocuklarını korumak için odalarına nazar (tılsım) asmaya başlar ve ninniler ile çocuklarını kutsar. Bu ninnilere o zaman Lilith Abi adı verilmiş, bu da Lilith Uzaklaş olarak çevrilmekte. Biraz dilbilimine vakıf olanlarımız da bu kelimenin asırlar içerisinde lullaby’a nasıl dönüştüğünü tahmin edebilir.
Ebeveynlerin kurnaz ve hatta bazen sinsi uygulamalarla uyumayan çocuklarını nasıl uyuttuklarını düşünürsek, ninnilerin yanıltıcılığının sadece kelime veya müzik olarak yer almadığını fark ederiz. Bu parçalar ait olduğu her kültürün korkularına, endişelerine, umutlarına ve aşklarına açılan birer müziksel pencere.
Bir annenin çocuğunun üzerine titremesinden daha kişisel ne olabilir? Onu korumak, ona sahiplenmek, hayat dediğimiz kısa patikada, kendi başına adım atabilmesini sağlamak. Onun için melodilerle bu çocukların kulaklarına umutlar aktarılır, korkulacaklara karşı duyarlılık aşılanır, kendini bilmesi ve etrafında olup biteni algılaması umut edilir. Örneğin Afrika’da bir anne çocuğuna aslan gibi kuvvetli, kaplan gibi çevik ve örümcek gibi akıllı olması için ninniler söyler. Rusya’daki bir anne evladının asla açlık hissetmemesini melodilerle aktarır. Bir Doğu Avrupalı Musevi anne ise çocuğunun âlim veya tüccar olmasını diler. Bir Türk annesi ise ninnisi ile çocuğunun nazardan koruduğuna inanır. Romanyalı bir anne çocuğunun kendi izinden gelip iyi bir çiftçi olmasını diler. Brezilyalı bir anne ise daha bir batıl inanç içerisinde kavrularak çocuğunun öcülerden korunmasını umar. Bunların hepsi o çocuğun hayatı için aktarılan güzel niyetlerdir. Hayat bunu bazen bizlere bahşeder veya etmez, zaten oynadığımız oyunun ana kuralları da bu.
Ninnilerin gücü oldukça fazladır. Tarih boyunca türeyen ninnilerin bazı milli marşlardan bile daha etkili olduğu ise aşikâr. Zira ninniler korkusuzca kötü kralları, kraliçeleri, liderleri, savaşları, hastalıkları ve pek çok kötülükleri eleştirir. O bir niyettir, insanın yüreğinden kopup gelen, her şeyin o an ve çerçeve içerisinde iyi olmasını dileyen bir müziksel süzme. Temaları ise her kültüre göre değişiklik göstermekte; bir Çinli için Ay, bir İskandinav için yıldız, bir Yunanlı için ada, bir Türk için şans, vb…
Ninniler gibi gündeme vakıf, lafını sakınmayan, birebir etkileşimde olan, öğretici ve yontucu bir tarz mevcut değil. Ninniler benzersiz olup insanlığın sosyal akışı ile birebir ahenkte olan melodik açılımdır. Bir düşünün hepimizin aklında bir ninni vardır…
Zekeriya S. Şen (tikabasamuzik.com)
Dünyalılar
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The Credence – Have you ever seen the rain 05/12/2020
Mory Kante – Yeke Yeke 24/11/2020
Louis Amstrong (Satchmo) 30/05/2020
Keoma (1976)Film Müziği 27/05/2020
Nessi Gomes – All Related 27/11/2021
Katyuşa Halk Şarkısı 23/11/2021
Afrika Müziği – Malavi’den Kadim Bir Ses 31/01/2021
Dede Efendi’li, İtri’li, Limonciyan’lı Klasik Musiki
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